Recently, people have become increasingly aware of potential health issues related to indoor environments. In this study, we measure the concentrations of various volatile organic compounds, carbonyl compounds, and semi-volatile organic compounds, as well as the ventilation rates, in 49 new houses with light-gauge steel structures one week after completion.
The proper indoor air quality of new residential environments can be ensured by characterizing people’s exposure to certain chemicals and assessing future risks. Our results show that the concentrations of the measured compounds were lower than the guideline values set by the Ministry of Health, Labour and Welfare of Japan, and would continue to decrease.
However, we observed that unregulated compounds, assumed to be substitutes for regulated solvents, contributed substantially to the total volatile organic compounds. To reduce indoor chemical exposure risks, the concentrations of these unregulated compounds should also be minimized. In addition, their sources need to be identified, and manufacture and use must be monitored. We believe it is important to select low-emission building materials for reducing residents’ exposure to indoor chemicals.
[Characteristics of dental hard tissues in chronic kidney disease: morphology, chemical composition, possibilities of remineralizing therapy].
The aim of the work was an assessment of the morphological structure and chemical composition of dental hard tissues in persons suffering from chronic kidney disease and the effectiveness of remineralizing therapy in them. The study of the morphological structure and chemical composition of dental hard tissues in individuals suffering from chronic kidney disease and the effectiveness of 6 weeks of remineralizing therapy in the course of individual oral hygiene in combination with the intake of vitamin-mineral complex was conducted by means of ABT-55 electron microscope (Japan) combined with a LinkAN-10 000/S85 microprobe (United Kingdom) in comparison with persons without somatic pathology.
It has been established that in people suffering from chronic kidney disease dental hard tissues morphological features were determined by their pathological changes due to carious process or non-carious lesions. In chronic kidney disease a significant decrease in the level of mineralization in both enamel and dentin was found, which was most pronounced in patients with chronic renal failure and did not depend on whether they received hemodialysis.
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The use of remineralizing therapy in people with chronic kidney disease within the framework of individual oral hygiene combined with a vitamin-mineral complex intake for 6 weeks significantly contributed to an increase in the Ca/P ratio in tooth enamel and may be seen as a useful tool for prevention of dental hard tissues pathology in the patient’s group.